GLP-1 RA | Advanced Mechanism of Action

Exogenous GLP-1 RA binds to the extracellular domain of the GLP-1 Receptor (Class B GPCR).

Conformational change activates Gs protein. GDP is exchanged for GTP on the α-subunit.

Gαs stimulates Adenylyl Cyclase (AC), converting ATP to cyclic AMP (second messenger).

cAMP activates Protein Kinase A (PKA), leading to phosphorylation of target proteins.

Increased intracellular Ca²⁺ triggers fusion of insulin granules with the plasma membrane.